Fontes de ?cido linoleico conjugado e ?cido l?urico inoculados in ovo de codornas de corte

A nutri??o in ovo consiste numa t?cnica de fornecimento de nutrientes de forma precoce, visando a suplementa??o de nutrientes, como alguns ?cidos graxos que desempenham pap?is importantes na sa?de das aves. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos da inocula??o in ovo de duas fontes de ?cidos graxos, sendo o ?cido linoleico conjugado (CLA) e o ?cido l?urico (AL), respectivamente, sobre as propriedades imunol?gicas, de desempenho zoot?cnico e de caracter?sticas de carca?a de codornas de corte de 1 aos 35 dias de idade. Foram incubados 839 ovos f?rteis de codornas, distribu?dos em delineamento inteiramente casualizados, em seis tratamentos e seis repeti??es contendo dez codornas por parcela. Utilizou-se ?leo de milho para dilui??o do CLA e AL. Os tratamentos experimentais foram: T1: Tratamento controle, composto de ovos ?ntegros; T2: Ovos inoculados com diluidor, ?leo de milho (OM); T3: Ovos inoculados com CLA 120 mg/50mL OM; T4: Ovos inoculados com CLA 240 mg/50mL OM; T5: Ovos inoculados com AL 60 mg/50mL OM e T6: Ovos inoculados com AL 90 mg/50mL OM. Ao 7? dia de incuba??o, os ovos foram inoculados com 0,05 mL do suplemento de acordo com os tratamentos propostos. Ap?s o nascimento, as aves foram alojadas em gaiolas e manejadas sob desafio sanit?rio at? os 35 dias, recebendo ra??es seguindo as recomenda??es de cada fase. O desempenho zoot?cnico foi avaliado por meio do consumo de ra??o, ganho de peso e convers?o alimentar. Aos 35 dias avaliou-se as caracter?sticas de carca?a (peso absoluto de cora??o, moela, peito e de coxa+sobrecoxa). Aos 21 e 35 dias de idade, averigou-se o peso absoluto dos ?rg?os (timo, ba?o, bursa de Fabr?cius e f?gado) e do perfil bioqu?mico sangu?neo por meio da alanina-aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato-aminotransferase (AST), colesterol total, lipoprote?na de alta densidade (HDL) e triglicer?des. As inocula??es nos ovos n?o interferiram na eclodibilidade e o peso do pinto ao nascer, entretanto, a t?cnica de manejo in ovo pode incidir no percentual de nascimento, independente da subst?ncia inoculada. Aos 21 dias, n?o houve efeito significativo para as vari?veis analisadas, exceto para teor de colesterol total no sangue das aves. Para a fase final observou-se efeito significativo para peso da moela, teores de colesterol total e AST no sangue. As suplementa??es de CLA in ovos reduziram o teor de colesterol total, enquanto o AL esteve relacionado com um aumento. As inocula??es com CLA e AL in ovo, nos n?veis mais baixos de inser??o, reduziram os teores de AST no sangue das codornas aos 35 dias, em compara??o ao tratamento controle e aos ovos inoculados com o diluente (T2).Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2019.In ovo nutrition is an early nutrient delivery technique for nutrient supplementation, such as some fatty acids that play important roles in bird health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of in ovo inoculation of two sources of fatty acids, with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and lauric acid (LA), respectively, on the immunological properties, zootechnical performance and carcass characteristics of quail from 1 to 35 days of age. A total of 839 fertile quail eggs were distributed in a completely randomized design in six treatments and six replicates containing ten quails per plot. Corn oil was used for dilution of CLA and AL. The experimental treatments were: T1: Control treatments, composed by whole eggs; T2: Eggs inoculated with diluent, corn oil (CO); T3: Eggs inoculated with CLA 120 mg/50mL CO; T4: Eggs inoculated with CLA 240 mg/50mL CO; T5: Eggs inoculated with LA 60 mg/50 mL CO and T6: Eggs inoculated with LA 90 mg/50 mL CO. At the 7th day of incubation, the eggs were inoculated with 0.05 mL of the supplement according to the proposed treatments. After birth, the birds were housed in cages and managed under sanitary challenge until the 35 days, receiving rations following the recommendations of each phase. The zootechnical performance was evaluated through feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion. At 35 days the carcass characteristics (absolute weight of heart, gizzard, chest and thigh + overcoat) were evaluated. The absolute weight of the organs (thymus, spleen, bursa of Fabr?cius and liver) and the blood biochemical profile were determined by means of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol total, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides. Egg inoculations did not interfere with hatchability and chick weight at birth, however, the in ovo management technique may affect the percentage of birth, regardless of the inoculated substance. At 21 days, there was no significant effect for the analyzed variables, except for total cholesterol content in the birds' blood. For the final phase, a significant effect was observed for gizzard weight, total cholesterol and AST levels in the blood. Supplementation of CLA in eggs reduced total cholesterol content, while LA supplementation was associated with increased CLA and LA in ovo inoculations at lower insertion levels reduced AST levels in quail blood at 35 days, in comparison to the control treatment and to the eggs inoculated with the diluent (T2)

Leucograma de codornices de engorde inoculadas in ovo con ácido linoleico conjugado y ácido láurico

Objective. Analyze the leukogram of meat-type quail inoculated in ovo with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and lauric acid (LA) while exposed to a sanitary challenge. Material and methods. The drinking water was placed seven days before the arrival of the quails and it was only refilled throughout the experiment. The treatments were applied on 480 fertile eggs in the 7th day of incubation: Negative control: not perforated; positive control: injected with the diluent (corn oil; CO); CLA120: 120 mg CLA /CO; CLA240: 240 mg CLA /CO; LA60: 60 mg LA /CO and LA90: 90 mg LA /CO. A completely randomized design with four replications was used. Total leukocytes and the differential leukocyte count were evaluated at 21 and 36 days of age. Results. No statistically effects (p>0.05) of any inoculations were observed in the parameters evaluated. We observed an average of 10927.1±2933.6 cell/μl, 61.6 ± 7.31%, 32.0 ± 7.13% and 0.57 ± 0.21 for leukocyte count, lymphocyte, heterophile and heterophile/lymphocyte ratio, respectively, at 21 days. At 36 days, we observed an overall average of 13291.7 ± 3559.0 cell/μl, 65.0 ± 9.29%, 29.3 ± 9.93% and 0.50 ± 0.24, for those same variables, respectively. Conclusions. The in ovo inoculation levels of CLA and LA did not affect the leucogram of meat-type quails raised in sanitary challenge.Objetivo. Evaluar el leucograma de codornices de engorde inoculadas in ovo del ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) y ácido laurico (AL) mientras están expuestas a un desafío sanitario. Material y métodos. El agua de bebida fue ofrecida siente días antes de la llegada de las codornices y solo fue reabastecida, no se realizó lavado de bebederos, durante toda la fase del experimento. Los tratamientos fueron distribuidos en 480 huevos fértiles, en el 7° día de incubación: Control negativo: sin perforación, control positivo: inyectado con diluyente (aceite de maíz; AM; CLA 120: 120 mg CLA/AM; CLA240: 240 mg CLA /AM; AL 60: 60 mg AL /AM y AL90: 90 mg AL /AM. Fue utilizado delineamiento completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los leucocitos totales y el conteo diferencia de leucocitos fueron evaluados a los 21 y 36 días de edad. Resultados. Las inoculaciones, no presentaron efecto significativo (p>0.05) en los parámetros evaluados. Se observó una media de 10927.1 ± 2933.6 células/μl, 61.6 ± 7.31%, 32.0 ± 7.13% e 0.57 ± 0.21 para conteo total de leucocitos, linfocitos, heterofilos y la relación heterófilos/linfocitos, respectivamente, a los 21 días. A los 36 días, observamos una media general de 13291.7 ± 3559.0 células/μl, 65.0 ± 9.29%, 29.3±9.93% y 0.50 ± 0.24, para esas mismas variables, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Los niveles de inoculación in ovo de CLA e AL no afectaron el leucograma de codornices de engorde criadas en desafío sanitario